Alternative vehicles life cycle cost calculation in Thailand

Model to calculate the societal and consumer Life-Cycle-Costs for different Vehicle Technologies
Which vehicle technology provides the function of transport at which price?

Please see the full report with model description and explanation of the formulas (example for a Diesel vehicle).
The model calculates the societal and consumer life cycle costs LCC for a vehicle with the following characteristic:

Definition of the Functional Unit:

Useful Life Lifetime.

km traveled per year.

national currency = 1 US$ (Value of national currency)

% Real discount rate = ((1 + Discount rate)/(1 + Inflation) - 1)

Technology	Additional costs without tax [US$]	Data Source vehicle costs	Energy Consum. [MJ/km] [%] **	Data Source Energy Consumption	Additional costs with tax [US$]	Other annual non-fuel operation costs [US$] relative to baseline gasoline vehicle
Technology	Additional costs without tax [US$]	Data Source vehicle costs	Energy Consum. [MJ/km] [%] **	Data Source Energy Consumption	Additional costs with tax [US$]	Tax	Other
BaselineGasoline	0				0	0	0
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[15] Website of the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA), Bristol England [18] Source: �Future Potential of Hybrid and Diesel Powertrains in the US Light-Duty Vehicle Market,� by David L. Greene, K.G. Duleep, and Walter McManus, Report to Department of Energy, July 2004. [p2] http://www.pttplc.com/en/ptt_core.asp?page=ps_pr_fu_gs_08 Mileage of Gasohol vehicle is 98.8% and energy content of gasohol is 96.6% [p3] http://www.pttplc.com/en/ptt_core.asp?page=ps_pr_fu_ds_07_02 [p4] http://www.fueleconomy.gov average of (Toyata Prius 55 MPG, Honda Civic Hybrid 48 MPG) [p5] http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/adv_tech/100_news/astra_011005.html about 61MPG [p6] http://www.greencarcongress.com/lpg/ [p7] Combination of hybrid and NGV, LPG efficiency [m1]http://www.iangv.org/ Dr. Chitrapongse Kwangsukstith [m2] http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/FS_901804832 [m3] http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CYH/is_20_7/ai_110471046 [m6] The sum of hybrid and Diesel, NVG, LPG modification [m7] Higher initial cost for system integration than the NGV LPG modification [t1] 100US$ tax reduction for hybrid vehicles because of lower vehicle registration costs

** Combined Energy consumption: 55% city and 45% highway operation, The energy consumption have to be calculated with the higher heating value [16]

Fuel costs	Fuel	Unit	Fuel price in national currency (with tax)	Tax in national currency	Data Source	Higher Heating Value [16]	Data Source
			/unit	/unit		MJ/Unit
Baseline Gasoline
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[16] Heating Values, and the Energy Conservation Principle http://www.efcf.com/reports/E10.pdf [20] EPPO Price Structure of Petroleum Products in Bangkok http://www.eppo.go.th/petro/ [21] PTT Public Company Limited http://www.pttplc.com/en/ptt_core.asp?page=ps_pr_fu_ds_07_02 [22] Biofuels UK http://www.biofuels.fsnet.co.uk/sustain.htm [23] Heating Values Muenchen http://www.fm.fh-muenchen.de/labore/waas/skripten/kap11.pdf [24] NREL Petroleum-Based Fuels Property Database http://www.nrel.gov/vehiclesandfuels/apbf/progs/search1.cgi [25] ORNL Bioenergy http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/papers/misc/energy_conv.html [26] PTT Weena T. NGV DEVELOPMENT http://www.iangv.org/files/ngv2002/Country/Asia_Pacific/Weena.pps [31] The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency http://www2.dede.go.th/dede/statpage/energy2003/CONVERS.pdf

ExternalCosts	Tailpipe emissions + GHG emissions (including fuel production)						other External costs or benefits (neg.)
	VOC (non CH4) [g/km]	CO [g/km]	NOx [g/km]	PM [g/km]	GHG [g/km]	Data Source efficiency	Sum of other External costs [US$/km]	Description (Pollution, gov. Infrastructure, Subsidy, indirect economical, ...)
Baseline Gasoline							relative to base
	[%]	[%]	[%]	[%]	[%]	[%]












	Unit damage costs for pollutants (valuation) [US$/kg]

[12] Tom Beer et al., (May 2004), Life-Cycle Emissions Analysis of Fuels for Light Vehicles AUSTRALIAN GREENHOUSE OFFICE [13] Transportation Cost and Benefit Analysis � Air Pollution Costs Victoria Transport Policy Institute [14] Wang, M.Q., GREET �transportation fuel-cycle model: Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory [p1] Reduction of emissions is assumed to be equivalent to fuel savings

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